Lurking variables

Definition

Lurking variables are hidden variables that can affect the variables being studied, leading to a false impression of the relationship between them. They are not included in the experimental design but can have a significant impact on the results.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lurking variables can cause confounding, making it difficult to determine if the observed effects are due to the explanatory variable or the lurking variable.
2. They are not typically measured or included in the study but can influence both the explanatory and response variables.
3. Randomization in experimental design helps mitigate the effects of lurking variables by evenly distributing them across treatment groups.
4. Identifying potential lurking variables is crucial for improving study validity and ensuring accurate conclusions.
5. Statistical techniques such as stratification and multivariate analysis can help control for lurking variables.

Review Questions

• What is a lurking variable and how does it affect experimental results?
• Why is randomization important in controlling for lurking variables?
• Name two statistical methods used to control for lurking variables.

Related terms

Confounding Variable: A variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, causing a spurious association.

Randomization: The process of randomly assigning subjects to different treatment groups to ensure each group is similar and minimize bias.

Stratification: \text{A technique used to control for confounding by dividing subjects into homogeneous subgroups before analysis.}