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A scalar multiple is the result of multiplying a matrix by a scalar (a real number). Each element of the matrix is multiplied by the scalar to produce a new matrix.
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Matrix Addition: Operation where two matrices of the same dimensions are added together by adding their corresponding elements.
Identity Matrix: A square matrix with ones on the diagonal and zeros elsewhere. It acts as the multiplicative identity for matrices.
Zero Matrix: A matrix in which all elements are zero. It acts as the additive identity for matrices.