Stable homotopy refers to a level of homotopy theory that studies the properties of topological spaces and maps that remain invariant under the suspension operation, which essentially increases their dimension. It captures essential features of spaces when they are analyzed in a stable range, meaning that after a certain dimension, the homotopical information is preserved. This concept is particularly significant in the context of tools like the Adams spectral sequence, which helps compute stable homotopy groups of spheres and other spaces.
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