Atomic Physics
Fault-tolerant quantum computing refers to the ability of a quantum computer to continue functioning correctly even when some of its components fail or when errors occur during computation. This concept is crucial because qubits, the fundamental units of quantum information, are susceptible to noise and errors due to decoherence and other interference. Implementing fault tolerance ensures that a quantum computer can perform complex calculations reliably, making it viable for practical applications in areas like cryptography and optimization.
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