Ruin probability refers to the likelihood that an insurance company or financial entity will incur losses that exceed its available capital, leading to insolvency. This concept is crucial for understanding the financial stability of insurance companies, as it quantifies the risk of being unable to meet future claims and obligations. The assessment of ruin probability often employs classical ruin theory and tools such as Lundberg's inequality, which provide frameworks for evaluating risk over both finite and infinite time horizons.
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