--- title: "AP Macroeconomics Question 3 Short FRQ Practice" description: "117 Short FRQ (Question 3)s written in the AP format, each scored part by part." canonical: "https://fiveable.me/ap-macro/frqs/short-frq-3" type: "frq-type-practice" subject: "AP Macroeconomics" --- # AP Macroeconomics Question 3 Short FRQ Practice ## What the Question 3 Short FRQ asks FRQ 3 is the second short question on the AP Macroeconomics exam. Like FRQ 2, it centers on one topic and asks for calculations, short explanations, and sometimes a graph. - **12 min**: suggested writing time - **5 points**: usually across parts A to D - **25%**: of your FRQ section score | Part | What it asks | Points | | --- | --- | --- | | A: Graph or calculation | A labeled graph or a value from the data, with the work shown | 1 | | B: Next step | A calculation or a short answer that follows from part A | 1 | | C: Change | Show a change on your graph or explain its effect | 2 | | D: Explanation | Explain why a result happens, through cause and effect | 1 | ## How Question 3 Short FRQ practice works 1. **Read the full question.** The scenario, any data, and every part, laid out the way the exam shows them. 2. **Write on a 12-minute timer.** The time to plan for on exam day. Pause it or turn it off, and your response saves as you go. 3. **Submit for a score out of 5.** Your response is scored against the scoring guidelines written for that question. Your first score is included. ## All 117 questions ### Unit 1: Basic Economic Concepts (20) - [Opportunity cost and comparative advantage in production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714e99a4e38cad3b630cb7&type=frq-3-short) - [Absolute advantage, opportunity cost, comparative advantage analysis](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714fb8ad8d799283ea41ba&type=frq-3-short) - [Opportunity cost and comparative advantage in production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714fe5ad8d799283ea41bd&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage in wheat and cloth production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629317fd3013bf068763d&type=frq-3-short) - [Absolute and comparative advantage in production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986296a7fd3013bf0687646&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage in wheat and cloth production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986299a7fd3013bf068764d&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage and specialization trade](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629bd7fd3013bf0687653&type=frq-3-short) - [Opportunity costs and comparative advantage in production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629ee7fd3013bf068765b&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage and production possibilities curves](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a147fd3013bf0687660&type=frq-3-short) - [Orange market equilibrium and supply shock effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a697fd3013bf068766d&type=frq-3-short) - [Lithium battery market equilibrium and price floor effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862ae57fd3013bf068767d&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage and production possibilities curves](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b047fd3013bf0687682&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage and trade between nations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b2f7fd3013bf0687689&type=frq-3-short) - [Opportunity costs and comparative advantage in production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b5a7fd3013bf0687690&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage, opportunity costs, production possibilities](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b8f7fd3013bf0687698&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage and specialization trade](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bc47fd3013bf068769f&type=frq-3-short) - [Absolute and comparative advantage in production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bf97fd3013bf06876a8&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage and production possibilities](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c2e7fd3013bf06876ad&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage in food and clothing production](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c6c7fd3013bf06876b8&type=frq-3-short) - [Comparative advantage, specialization, and trade terms](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c9d7fd3013bf06876bf&type=frq-3-short) ### Unit 2: Economic Indicators and the Business Cycle (17) - [Labor force participation and unemployment rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714efbad8d799283ea41a3&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal and real GDP calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f3bad8d799283ea41ac&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal and real GDP calculations with price level analysis](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f76ad8d799283ea41b3&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and GDP deflator calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629717fd3013bf0687648&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and GDP deflator calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629ec7fd3013bf068765a&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and price indices](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862acc7fd3013bf068767a&type=frq-3-short) - [Labor force participation, unemployment, discouraged workers](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862afa7fd3013bf0687680&type=frq-3-short) - [Labor market statistics and inflation calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b297fd3013bf0687688&type=frq-3-short) - [Consumer Price Index calculation and inflation rate analysis](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b557fd3013bf068768f&type=frq-3-short) - [Labor force participation and unemployment rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b857fd3013bf0687696&type=frq-3-short) - [Consumer Price Index and inflation rate calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bc67fd3013bf06876a0&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and deflator calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c0f7fd3013bf06876ab&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and consumer price index calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c577fd3013bf06876b4&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and deflator calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862cc07fd3013bf06876c4&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and GDP deflator calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862d037fd3013bf06876cd&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, deflator calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862d3b7fd3013bf06876d8&type=frq-3-short) - [Nominal GDP, real GDP, and consumer price index calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862db47fd3013bf06876ea&type=frq-3-short) ### Unit 3: National Income and Price Determination (19) - [Output gap closure through fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714ee0ad8d799283ea419f&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy and aggregate demand equilibrium adjustment](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f0fad8d799283ea41a5&type=frq-3-short) - [Aggregate demand, supply curves, output gap](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f49ad8d799283ea41ae&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy closing recessionary output gap](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629427fd3013bf0687640&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap closure through fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986296b7fd3013bf0687647&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap closure through fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986299f7fd3013bf0687650&type=frq-3-short) - [Inflationary gap closure through fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629d67fd3013bf0687658&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap and fiscal policy intervention](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a097fd3013bf068765f&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy closing recessionary output gap](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a357fd3013bf0687665&type=frq-3-short) - [Short-run equilibrium below full employment output](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a827fd3013bf0687672&type=frq-3-short) - [Macroeconomic equilibrium and fiscal policy adjustments](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862ab97fd3013bf0687678&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy closing recessionary output gaps](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862aef7fd3013bf068767e&type=frq-3-short) - [Inflationary gap, fiscal policy interventions](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b287fd3013bf0687687&type=frq-3-short) - [Inflationary gap, fiscal policy adjustments](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b627fd3013bf0687691&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap and fiscal policy solutions](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862ba27fd3013bf068769a&type=frq-3-short) - [Short-run equilibrium, output gap, fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bcb7fd3013bf06876a1&type=frq-3-short) - [Short-run inflationary gap and fiscal policy adjustment](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c277fd3013bf06876ac&type=frq-3-short) - [Closing output gap through fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c587fd3013bf06876b5&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap and fiscal policy multipliers](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c8b7fd3013bf06876bc&type=frq-3-short) ### Unit 4: Financial Sector (19) - [Money market equilibrium and central bank operations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714ee6ad8d799283ea41a0&type=frq-3-short) - [Central bank securities purchases and money supply](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f23ad8d799283ea41a8&type=frq-3-short) - [Central bank bond purchases and money supply effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f6ead8d799283ea41b1&type=frq-3-short) - [Central bank bond purchases and money supply effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986292b7fd3013bf068763c&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy, open-market operations, money supply expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629c07fd3013bf0687654&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy, open market operations, money supply](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629df7fd3013bf0687659&type=frq-3-short) - [Consumer Price Index and inflation rate calculation](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a2d7fd3013bf0687663&type=frq-3-short) - [Consumer price index and inflation rate calculations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a577fd3013bf068766a&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy and money supply expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a687fd3013bf068766c&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy, money multiplier, money supply expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862aac7fd3013bf0687676&type=frq-3-short) - [Deficit spending and loanable funds market effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b007fd3013bf0687681&type=frq-3-short) - [Central bank monetary policy during recession](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b707fd3013bf0687692&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy, recession, money supply expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bac7fd3013bf068769b&type=frq-3-short) - [Commercial bank reserves and money supply expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bf57fd3013bf06876a7&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy, money supply expansion, interest rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c387fd3013bf06876b0&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary expansion through open market operations](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c617fd3013bf06876b6&type=frq-3-short) - [Consumer price index and inflation rate calculation](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c927fd3013bf06876bd&type=frq-3-short) - [Recession, monetary policy, money supply expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c9e7fd3013bf06876c0&type=frq-3-short) - [Central bank open market operations and monetary expansion](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862cce7fd3013bf06876c6&type=frq-3-short) ### Unit 5: Long-Run Consequences of Stabilization Policies (23) - [Fiscal policy, national debt, loanable funds market](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f05ad8d799283ea41a4&type=frq-3-short) - [Phillips curve short-run and long-run equilibrium](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f5ead8d799283ea41b0&type=frq-3-short) - [Output gaps and Phillips curve adjustments](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f98ad8d799283ea41b6&type=frq-3-short) - [Recession, output gap, fiscal policy multiplier](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629417fd3013bf068763f&type=frq-3-short) - [Real interest rates and loanable funds market equilibrium](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986297e7fd3013bf068764a&type=frq-3-short) - [Recession, fiscal policy, and interest rate effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=6986299d7fd3013bf068764f&type=frq-3-short) - [Short-run equilibrium, unemployment, Phillips curves](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629d47fd3013bf0687657&type=frq-3-short) - [Long-run equilibrium, money supply, price level](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a357fd3013bf0687667&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy and reserve market dynamics](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a3a7fd3013bf0687668&type=frq-3-short) - [Short-run equilibrium, Phillips curves, fiscal policy adjustments](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a6a7fd3013bf068766e&type=frq-3-short) - [Production possibilities and long-run economic growth](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862acb7fd3013bf0687679&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy effects on inflation and unemployment](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b087fd3013bf0687684&type=frq-3-short) - [Human capital investment and productivity shifts](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b9a7fd3013bf0687699&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary output gap, Phillips curves, fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bd07fd3013bf06876a2&type=frq-3-short) - [Inflationary gap fiscal policy adjustments](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bf17fd3013bf06876a5&type=frq-3-short) - [Phillips curve shifts and inflation reduction mechanisms](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c487fd3013bf06876b2&type=frq-3-short) - [Long-run equilibrium, monetary policy, inflation-unemployment tradeoff](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862c877fd3013bf06876bb&type=frq-3-short) - [Short-run equilibrium, inflation expectations, and fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862cb77fd3013bf06876c3&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap closure through fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862d0b7fd3013bf06876d0&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy response to inflationary gap](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862d327fd3013bf06876d5&type=frq-3-short) - [Phillips curve equilibrium and monetary policy effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862d447fd3013bf06876d9&type=frq-3-short) - [Inflationary gap, Phillips curves, fiscal policy](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862dba7fd3013bf06876eb&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap, fiscal policy, Phillips curve](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862eae7fd3013bf0687710&type=frq-3-short) ### Unit 6: Open Economy-International Trade and Finance (19) - [Fiscal policy, output gaps, and exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714ed9ad8d799283ea419d&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy, real interest rates, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f24ad8d799283ea41a9&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy, output gaps, interest rates, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69714f72ad8d799283ea41b2&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy effects on interest rates and exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629377fd3013bf068763e&type=frq-3-short) - [High inflation, monetary policy, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629677fd3013bf0687645&type=frq-3-short) - [Recessionary gap, fiscal policy, interest rates, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629967fd3013bf068764c&type=frq-3-short) - [Monetary policy, exchange rates, currency appreciation](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=698629f57fd3013bf068765c&type=frq-3-short) - [Contractionary monetary policy, exchange rates, international capital flows](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a2a7fd3013bf0687662&type=frq-3-short) - [International trade, exchange rates, fiscal policy effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862a707fd3013bf0687670&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy, multiplier effects, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862aa07fd3013bf0687675&type=frq-3-short) - [Output gap closure through fiscal policy adjustments](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b057fd3013bf0687683&type=frq-3-short) - [Interest rate differentials and currency appreciation effects](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862b4e7fd3013bf068768d&type=frq-3-short) - [Long-run equilibrium, exchange rates, net exports](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862bd97fd3013bf06876a3&type=frq-3-short) - [Below-full-employment economy, fiscal policy, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862ca07fd3013bf06876c1&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy, output gap, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862cd67fd3013bf06876ca&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy, multiplier effects, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862d3a7fd3013bf06876d7&type=frq-3-short) - [Central bank bond sales, exchange rates, capital flows](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862dad7fd3013bf06876e8&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal stimulus, real interest rates, currency exchange](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862de07fd3013bf06876f1&type=frq-3-short) - [Fiscal policy, interest rates, exchange rates](/ap-macro/frq-practice?id=69862e0d7fd3013bf06876f7&type=frq-3-short) ## Sample question **Opportunity cost and comparative advantage in production** Ashla and Bogan are two countries that produce only two goods: radios and televisions. The table below shows the maximum daily output of each good for each country using equal amounts of resources. Assume that both countries have constant opportunity costs in the production of both goods. Given Information: - Resources are fully employed. - Opportunity costs are constant. Data Tables: Caption: Maximum Daily Output Headers: Country | Radios | Televisions Ashla | 20 | 10 Bogan | 30 | 60 Part A (1 point): Prompt: **Calculate** the opportunity cost of producing one television in Ashla. Show your work. Verb: calculate Part B (1 point): Prompt: Which country has the comparative advantage in the production of radios? **Explain**. Verb: explain Part C (2 points): Prompt: **Draw** a correctly labeled graph of the production possibilities curve for Bogan, with radios on the horizontal axis and televisions on the vertical axis. **Plot** the numerical values of the intercepts. Verb: draw Part D (1 point): Prompt: Assume the two countries specialize and trade. Would a term of trade of 1 radio for 1 television be mutually beneficial? **Explain**. Verb: explain ## Questions **How many responses can I get scored?** You can read every question without a plan. Your first scored response is included. A plan unlocks unlimited scoring. **What does FRQ 3 usually cover?** One topic, like output gaps and fiscal policy, banking and the money supply, the Phillips curve, or comparative advantage. **How is FRQ 3 different from FRQ 2?** On the exam they’re the same kind of question: 5 points each, with about 12 minutes suggested for each. Practicing both gives you more questions in the same format. **Is every short FRQ split the same way?** No. Most have four parts with one part worth 2 points, and which part that is changes by question. The table shows the most common split. **How do I draw a graph or show my work?** Type your work with the formula first, then the numbers. When a part asks for a graph, open the drawing tool and sketch it on a grid with axes, or switch the editor to handwrite and add a photo of your page. A four-function calculator is built in. ## Related - [Question 3 Short FRQ exam guide](/ap-macro/ap-macroeconomics-exam/ap-macro-frq-short/study-guide/ap-macro-frq-short) - [AP Macroeconomics Long FRQ practice](/ap-macro/frqs/long-frq) - [AP Macroeconomics Question 2 Short FRQ practice](/ap-macro/frqs/short-frq-2) - [AP Macroeconomics FRQs](/ap-macro/frqs) - Any question by id: the `get_frq` tool on the [Fiveable MCP server](/mcp/docs) ## About This Document Canonical Fiveable pages are available as Markdown at the same path plus `.md`. - [llms.txt](https://fiveable.me/llms.txt): index of Fiveable's sections and URL patterns - [llms-full.txt](https://fiveable.me/llms-full.txt): complete subject and unit listing - [MCP server](https://fiveable.me/mcp): call Fiveable as tools instead of fetching pages (`https://fiveable.me/api/mcp`) - [MCP server for AP teachers](https://fiveable.me/mcp/teachers): a teacher's classes, assignments and AP-rubric grading (`https://fiveable.me/api/mcp/teacher`)