5.0 Unit 5 Overview: Conflict, Crisis, and Reaction in the Late 18th-Century

Main Events

1648: Peace of Westphalia

1660: Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan

1682: Peter the Great’s reign begins

1685: Louis XIV revokes the Edict of Nantes 

1688: John Locke’s Two Treatises on Government, Glorious Revolution

1707: England and Scotland join under the Act of Union

1713: Treaty of Utrecht 

1756-1763: Seven Years’ War 

1789: Tennis Court Oath, Storming of the Bastille, Women’s march on Versailles 

1792: Mary Wollstonecraft’s Vindication of the Rights of Women 

1793: Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are executed

1794: Fall of Robespierre and the Jacobins

1804: Napoleon crowned Emperor of France

1814: The Congress of Vienna 

1815: Napoleon escapes Elba (March 15), is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo (June 18), and gets re-exiled to St. Helena

Major Trends Between 1648-1815

• A growing global economy had long lasting effects

• Commercial competition

• Seven Years’ War

• Mercantilism → Maximized exports and profits → Minimized imports

• Effects of challenging political order

• England’s Civil War →  Glorious Revolution

• Asserted the rights of Parliament

• French Revolution → Reign of Terror → Rise of Napoleon

• Congress of Vienna met for to re-establish European order

• The Scientific Revolution clashed with Romanticism

• Scientific Revolution:

• Logic, skepticism, observation, reasoning

• Romanticism:

• Art, passion, nationalism, emotion

🎥 Watch: AP Europe - Old Regime

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