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3.7 Total Fertility Rate

2 min readdecember 29, 2022

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

is the average number of children born to a woman in her reproductive age. This undoubtedly influences a community and their age structure/total population. has been declining in recent years, although the TFR in developing countries remains higher than it in developed countries. It also remains higher than the of 2.1, which is the number used to describe how many kids one must have for a population to replace itself, but not grow, without immigration or emigration. The combines with external factors to determine population growth and decrease.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Girls_in_school_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa%2C_Pakistan_%287295675962%29.jpg/800px-Girls_in_school_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa%2C_Pakistan_%287295675962%29.jpg

Image Courtesy of Wikimedia

Infant Mortality Rate, Crude Rates

of the number of children that die before the age of one. This rate is especially high in developing countries due to lack of contraceptives, proper sex education, or adequate medical technology/planning. is the number of births per 1000 people. is the number of deaths per 1000 people. 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Nurse_checking_triplets.jpg

A pediatric nurse checking recently born triplets in an incubator at ECWA Evangel Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Image Courtesy of Wikimedia

Emigration and Immigration 

Other factors that influence the size of a country's population are emigration and immigration. Emigration refers to the number of people leaving the country which decreases a population size. Immigration is the number of people entering a country which will increase the population size. (Hint: Think- E stands for Exit.)

🎥 Watch this video on total fertility rate.

Key Terms to Review (5)

Crude birth rate

: The crude birth rate refers to the number of live births per 1,000 individuals in a population within a specific time period.

Crude death rate

: The crude death rate refers to the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population within a specific time period.

Infant mortality rate

: The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Replacement fertility rate

: The replacement fertility rate refers to the number of children per woman needed to maintain population stability, typically around 2.1.

Total fertility rate

: The total fertility rate refers to the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime, given the current birth rates.

3.7 Total Fertility Rate

2 min readdecember 29, 2022

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

Karla Jauregui Sandoval

is the average number of children born to a woman in her reproductive age. This undoubtedly influences a community and their age structure/total population. has been declining in recent years, although the TFR in developing countries remains higher than it in developed countries. It also remains higher than the of 2.1, which is the number used to describe how many kids one must have for a population to replace itself, but not grow, without immigration or emigration. The combines with external factors to determine population growth and decrease.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Girls_in_school_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa%2C_Pakistan_%287295675962%29.jpg/800px-Girls_in_school_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa%2C_Pakistan_%287295675962%29.jpg

Image Courtesy of Wikimedia

Infant Mortality Rate, Crude Rates

of the number of children that die before the age of one. This rate is especially high in developing countries due to lack of contraceptives, proper sex education, or adequate medical technology/planning. is the number of births per 1000 people. is the number of deaths per 1000 people. 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Nurse_checking_triplets.jpg

A pediatric nurse checking recently born triplets in an incubator at ECWA Evangel Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Image Courtesy of Wikimedia

Emigration and Immigration 

Other factors that influence the size of a country's population are emigration and immigration. Emigration refers to the number of people leaving the country which decreases a population size. Immigration is the number of people entering a country which will increase the population size. (Hint: Think- E stands for Exit.)

🎥 Watch this video on total fertility rate.

Key Terms to Review (5)

Crude birth rate

: The crude birth rate refers to the number of live births per 1,000 individuals in a population within a specific time period.

Crude death rate

: The crude death rate refers to the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals in a population within a specific time period.

Infant mortality rate

: The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births in a given year.

Replacement fertility rate

: The replacement fertility rate refers to the number of children per woman needed to maintain population stability, typically around 2.1.

Total fertility rate

: The total fertility rate refers to the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime, given the current birth rates.


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© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.

AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.