--- title: "AP Biology Model Analysis FRQ Practice" description: "147 Analyze Model or Visual Representation questions written in the AP format, each scored part by part." canonical: "https://fiveable.me/ap-bio/frqs/model-analysis" type: "frq-type-practice" subject: "AP Biology" --- # AP Biology Model Analysis FRQ Practice ## What the Model Analysis FRQ asks This is FRQ 5 on the AP Biology exam. You get a diagram, model, or other visual and answer four parts that describe it, explain how its pieces relate, and connect it to a larger biological principle. - **10 min**: suggested writing time - **4 points**: 1 point for each part - **50%**: of your score, for all six FRQs | Part | What it asks | Points | | --- | --- | --- | | A: Describe the model | Describe features shown in the visual | 1 | | B: Relationships | Explain how parts of the model connect | 1 | | C: Represent | Identify or represent a relationship in the model | 1 | | D: Big idea | Connect the model to a larger biological principle | 1 | ## How Model Analysis FRQ practice works 1. **Read the full question.** The visual and all four parts, A through D, laid out the way the exam shows them. 2. **Write on a 10-minute timer.** The time to plan for on exam day. Pause it or turn it off, and your response saves as you go. 3. **Submit for a score out of 4.** Your response is scored against the scoring guidelines written for that question. Your first score is included. ## All 147 questions ### Unit 1: Chemistry of Life (12) - [Hydrophobic amino acid clustering in protein folding](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=69751ecc39cb567763bc69d2&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein folding, hydrophobic interactions, amino acid arrangement](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983da2bebf1103b6c5280c4&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [TATA-binding protein and DNA transcription initiation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dad0ebf1103b6c5280ce&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein structure: amino acid bonding and interactions](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dcfeebf1103b6c5280ef&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein tertiary structure stabilization interactions](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dd88ebf1103b6c5280f8&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Amino acid structure and peptide bond formation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e08eebf1103b6c52812a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein folding driven by hydrophobic interactions](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e143ebf1103b6c528134&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein structure, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e1ccebf1103b6c52813c&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Double-stranded DNA structure and base pairing stability](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e2afebf1103b6c52814b&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein tertiary structure and amino acid interactions](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e33debf1103b6c528154&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein folding and amino acid interactions](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e40aebf1103b6c528163&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Peptide bond formation through dehydration synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e59aebf1103b6c52817c&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 2: Cells (12) - [Sucrose transport mechanisms and proton gradient establishment](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983da90ebf1103b6c5280c9&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [LDL receptor-mediated endocytosis and cholesterol processing](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983db6aebf1103b6c5280d4&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein synthesis, modification, and intracellular sorting](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983df0bebf1103b6c52810f&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Sucrose transport, proton gradients, cotransport mechanism](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983df9cebf1103b6c528118&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein synthesis, processing, and secretion pathway](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e02bebf1103b6c528122&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein synthesis and secretory pathway transport](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e0bcebf1103b6c52812c&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Endomembrane system protein synthesis and secretion](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e164ebf1103b6c528136&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein synthesis, processing, and lysosomal enzyme trafficking](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e202ebf1103b6c528142&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Sucrose transport and cotransport mechanisms](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e297ebf1103b6c528149&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein synthesis, processing, and secretion pathway](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e3edebf1103b6c528161&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Sucrose transport mechanisms and proton gradient energy](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e474ebf1103b6c52816a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Receptor-mediated endocytosis and membrane transport](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e59febf1103b6c52817d&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 3: Cellular Energetics (31) - [Enzyme specificity, substrate binding, metabolic regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=69751eed39cb567763bc69d5&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and branched metabolic pathway regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983db22ebf1103b6c5280d2&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Peptide bond formation between amino acids](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983db96ebf1103b6c5280d7&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dbb8ebf1103b6c5280d9&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein modification pathways in Golgi complex](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dbfaebf1103b6c5280dd&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Tripeptide synthesis and enzyme feedback regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dc2cebf1103b6c5280e1&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and metabolic pathway regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dc3bebf1103b6c5280e3&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and metabolic pathway regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dcbbebf1103b6c5280eb&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Electron transport chain, ATP synthesis, oxygen's role](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dd4debf1103b6c5280f4&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and metabolic pathway regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ddc6ebf1103b6c5280fb&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Bacterial metabolic pathway regulation and enzyme specificity](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de2febf1103b6c528102&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Receptor-mediated endocytosis and ligand processing efficiency](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de61ebf1103b6c528107&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Metabolic pathway regulation and enzyme allosteric binding](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de97ebf1103b6c52810a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Light-dependent reactions and photosystem electron transfer](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983df1febf1103b6c528112&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Protein folding, hydrophobic cores, stabilizing interactions](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983df60ebf1103b6c528114&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Electron transport chain, proton gradient, ATP synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dfb1ebf1103b6c528119&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [L-lysine synthesis pathway and feedback regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dfe0ebf1103b6c52811c&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Bacterial metabolic pathway regulation and enzyme specificity](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e06cebf1103b6c528126&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme active site specificity and feedback inhibition](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e0d9ebf1103b6c52812d&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and feedback inhibition in pathways](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e14febf1103b6c528135&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme regulation in metabolic pathways](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e1ccebf1103b6c52813d&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Light-dependent reactions and thylakoid ATP generation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e266ebf1103b6c528147&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Metabolic pathway regulation and enzyme feedback inhibition](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e2ddebf1103b6c52814f&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and metabolic pathway regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e34febf1103b6c528156&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Lysosomal compartmentalization and substrate degradation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e36eebf1103b6c528158&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Bacterial metabolic pathway regulation and enzyme specificity](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e3bdebf1103b6c52815f&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and metabolic pathway regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e436ebf1103b6c528166&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme specificity and feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e49eebf1103b6c52816b&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme catalysis, substrate interaction, metabolic regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e4a4ebf1103b6c52816e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Lysosomal enzyme synthesis, modification, and activation pathway](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e510ebf1103b6c528173&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Triacylglycerol synthesis from glycerol and fatty acids](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e65eebf1103b6c528183&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 4: Cell Communication and Cell Cycle (17) - [Ligand-receptor binding and intracellular signaling cascade regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=69751f4039cb567763bc69d9&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating eukaryotic gene expression](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dbd8ebf1103b6c5280dc&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating cell division](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dc64ebf1103b6c5280e4&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway: ligand binding and protein synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dce2ebf1103b6c5280ed&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway initiating cell division](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dd80ebf1103b6c5280f7&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating protein synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de02ebf1103b6c528100&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating cell division genes](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de8bebf1103b6c528109&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Growth factor signaling and cell division regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983df1aebf1103b6c528111&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Growth factor signal transduction pathway and cell division](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dfc4ebf1103b6c52811b&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating eukaryotic cell division](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e04bebf1103b6c528123&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating eukaryotic cell cycle](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e0e4ebf1103b6c52812f&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway, gene expression regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e172ebf1103b6c528139&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating eukaryotic cell cycle](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e1ffebf1103b6c528141&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulation via GPCR](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e28aebf1103b6c528148&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating cell division](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e382ebf1103b6c52815b&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Growth Factor G signal transduction pathway](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e49febf1103b6c52816c&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Cell cycle regulation through signal transduction pathways](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e52aebf1103b6c528175&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 5: Heredity (8) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination and enzyme substrate specificity](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dc0debf1103b6c5280de&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ddd3ebf1103b6c5280fc&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Crossing over and genetic recombination during meiosis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de5cebf1103b6c528105&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Environmental temperature effects on turtle sex determination](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983df03ebf1103b6c52810e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme function and flower color phenotypes](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e25bebf1103b6c528145&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Linked genes, crossing over, recombinant gametes](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e37bebf1103b6c52815a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination in turtle embryos](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e4a4ebf1103b6c52816d&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Flower pigment synthesis pathways and genetic variation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e6a8ebf1103b6c528189&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 6: Gene Expression and Regulation (28) - [Prokaryotic operon regulation and gene expression control](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=69751f4639cb567763bc69da&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Gene expression: nucleotide sequence to protein structure](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=69751f6739cb567763bc69dd&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983db69ebf1103b6c5280d3&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Gene X expression and mRNA processing in eukaryotes](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dc1cebf1103b6c5280e0&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Flower color determination through gene expression and enzyme function](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dc95ebf1103b6c5280e8&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Metabolic pathway regulation through operon feedback mechanisms](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dcb5ebf1103b6c5280ea&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Genetic regulation of amino acid synthesis pathway](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dd51ebf1103b6c5280f5&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [DNA structure, bonding, base pairing, replication](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983de12ebf1103b6c528101&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Gene expression and alternative splicing in cell types](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dfe7ebf1103b6c52811d&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination in turtles](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983dfebebf1103b6c52811e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e082ebf1103b6c528127&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Iron-responsive ferritin translation regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e083ebf1103b6c528128&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Trp operon regulation and prokaryotic gene expression](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e10debf1103b6c528130&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Flower pigment synthesis and enzyme function](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e115ebf1103b6c528131&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Trp operon regulation and tryptophan synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e19eebf1103b6c52813a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent pigment synthesis and phenotype expression](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e1d5ebf1103b6c52813e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Alternative splicing produces distinct proteins](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e25febf1103b6c528146&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Genetic control of flower color through enzyme function](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e2cdebf1103b6c52814e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Trp operon regulation and transcriptional control](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e2e9ebf1103b6c528150&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating gene expression](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e303ebf1103b6c528151&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway regulating gene expression](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e402ebf1103b6c528162&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Trp operon regulation and tryptophan feedback mechanism](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e440ebf1103b6c528168&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Gene expression, enzyme function, flower pigmentation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e51bebf1103b6c528174&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperature-dependent sex determination through molecular signaling](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e596ebf1103b6c52817b&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Operon regulation and metabolic pathway control in bacteria](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e676ebf1103b6c528185&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Alternative splicing in muscle tissue differentiation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e742ebf1103b6c528191&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Signal transduction pathway, gene transcription regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e7edebf1103b6c528197&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Prokaryotic operon regulation and end product feedback inhibition](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e87debf1103b6c5281a0&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 7: Natural Selection (20) - [Phylogenetic tree nodes and evolutionary relationships](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=697439fe20f7488a4e8b38ff&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [RNA World hypothesis and ribozyme evolution](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e135ebf1103b6c528133&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Evolutionary relationships and shared derived characters](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e1e0ebf1103b6c52813f&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Pesticide selection pressure on beetle population phenotypes](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e31eebf1103b6c528152&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic relationships and derived traits evolution](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e397ebf1103b6c52815c&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Population divergence through founder effects and adaptation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e43febf1103b6c528167&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic trees and evolutionary relationships](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e4edebf1103b6c528172&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Enzyme structure and coat color pigment synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e58eebf1103b6c52817a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic tree relationships and evolutionary divergence](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e61cebf1103b6c528181&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Stickleback spine evolution and environmental adaptation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e6acebf1103b6c52818a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic trees, evolutionary relationships, derived traits](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e731ebf1103b6c52818e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Theropod dinosaur evolution and bird ancestry](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e80cebf1103b6c52819a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic relationships and shared derived characteristics](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e8a5ebf1103b6c5281a1&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Evolutionary relationships and derived trait ancestry](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e93cebf1103b6c5281aa&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Allopatric speciation through geographic isolation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ea0eebf1103b6c5281b2&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary divergence among lizard species](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983eaadebf1103b6c5281b7&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Geographic isolation and allopatric speciation in beetles](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983eb43ebf1103b6c5281bf&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic relationships and derived trait evolution](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ebd3ebf1103b6c5281c7&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Phylogenetic relationships and derived character evolution](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ec52ebf1103b6c5281cb&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Evolutionary relationships and shared derived characteristics](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ecf9ebf1103b6c5281d3&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ### Unit 8: Ecology (19) - [Kelp ecosystem energy transfer and trophic levels](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=69751f3139cb567763bc69d8&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycle processes and nutrient availability](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e2aeebf1103b6c52814a&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Salt marsh ecosystem trophic interactions and energy flow](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e324ebf1103b6c528153&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycle: decomposers, bacteria, protein synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e3b5ebf1103b6c52815d&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycle: assimilation, bacterial metabolism, plant availability](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e431ebf1103b6c528164&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Mycorrhizal symbiosis, nutrient cycling, ecosystem fitness](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e4c1ebf1103b6c52816f&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycle and bacterial metabolic pathways](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e55aebf1103b6c528178&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Agricultural runoff, eutrophication, dissolved oxygen depletion](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e6a0ebf1103b6c528188&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycling and protein synthesis in ecosystems](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e751ebf1103b6c528192&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Energy transfer and trophic level regulation](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e7c7ebf1103b6c528195&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Mycorrhizal fungi and wheat plant mutualism](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e854ebf1103b6c52819e&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Trophic interactions, predator behavior, ecosystem biomass](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e8d4ebf1103b6c5281a5&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycling and nutrient limitation in ecosystems](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983e969ebf1103b6c5281ac&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Temperate forest ecosystem energy flow and trophic levels](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983eb58ebf1103b6c5281c0&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycling through decomposition and nitrification](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ec11ebf1103b6c5281c9&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Eutrophication, decomposition, dissolved oxygen depletion](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ec92ebf1103b6c5281ce&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Salt marsh trophic interactions and energy transfer](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ed01ebf1103b6c5281d5&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Nitrogen cycle: decomposers, nitrification, plant protein synthesis](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983eda1ebf1103b6c5281da&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) - [Carbon cycling in Arctic ecosystems](/ap-bio/frq-practice?id=6983ee7bebf1103b6c5281e4&type=frq-5-analyze-model-or-visual-representation-short) ## Sample question **Hydrophobic amino acid clustering in protein folding** Figure 1 models the folding of Protein X, a cytosolic protein found in animal cells. Part A (1 point): Prompt: **Describe** the chemical property of the amino acids in Region A that results in their location within the folded protein. Verb: describe Figure 1: Type: diagram Caption: Figure 1. Structural features of Protein X URL: https://kcbwzropdukwhmmvdylp.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/frq_stimulus/ap-bio/4ddda1c0-48f1-449c-be83-0d7f5337272b_fig1.jpg Placement: before-part Part Letter: B Part B (1 point): Prompt: Based on Figure 1, **explain** why the amino acids in Region A cluster together in the center of the protein rather than interacting with the surrounding cytosol. Verb: explain Part C (1 point): Prompt: Using the information in Figure 1, **identify** the level of protein structure represented by Interaction B: secondary structure, tertiary structure, or quaternary structure. Verb: identify Part D (1 point): Prompt: Based on Figure 1, **explain** how a significant decrease in pH would affect Interaction B in such a way that Protein X loses its function. Verb: explain Image URLs (1): - https://kcbwzropdukwhmmvdylp.supabase.co/storage/v1/object/public/frq_stimulus/ap-bio/4ddda1c0-48f1-449c-be83-0d7f5337272b_fig1.jpg ## Questions **How many responses can I get scored?** You can read every question without a plan. Your first scored response is included. A plan unlocks unlimited scoring. **What kinds of visuals show up?** Diagrams of cell structures, metabolic pathways, phylogenetic trees, and other models of biological systems. **How is this different from the Data Analysis FRQ?** This question asks you to read a model or diagram. The Data Analysis FRQ gives you a graph or table of results to describe and evaluate. **How long should each part be?** Two to four focused sentences usually does it. Each part is worth 1 point, so answer every part. ## Related - [Model Analysis FRQ exam guide](/ap-bio/ap-biology-exam/ap-bio-frq-short/study-guide/ap-bio-frq-short) - [AP Biology Experimental Results FRQ practice](/ap-bio/frqs/experimental-results) - [AP Biology Graphing FRQ practice](/ap-bio/frqs/graphing) - [AP Biology Scientific Investigation FRQ practice](/ap-bio/frqs/scientific-investigation) - [AP Biology Conceptual Analysis FRQ practice](/ap-bio/frqs/conceptual-analysis) - [AP Biology Data Analysis FRQ practice](/ap-bio/frqs/data-analysis) - [AP Biology FRQs](/ap-bio/frqs) - Any question by id: the `get_frq` tool on the [Fiveable MCP server](/mcp/docs) ## About This Document Canonical Fiveable pages are available as Markdown at the same path plus `.md`. - [llms.txt](https://fiveable.me/llms.txt): index of Fiveable's sections and URL patterns - [llms-full.txt](https://fiveable.me/llms-full.txt): complete subject and unit listing - [MCP server](https://fiveable.me/mcp): call Fiveable as tools instead of fetching pages (`https://fiveable.me/api/mcp`) - [MCP server for AP teachers](https://fiveable.me/mcp/teachers): a teacher's classes, assignments and AP-rubric grading (`https://fiveable.me/api/mcp/teacher`)