Glossary

14.3 Future Directions in American Cinema Studies

5 min read•july 30, 2024

American cinema studies is evolving rapidly. New trends include , , and a focus on and . These approaches are reshaping how we understand film history and challenging traditional narratives.

The rise of is changing how we watch movies, blurring lines between film and TV. Interdisciplinary research is providing fresh perspectives on cinema's cultural impact. These developments are opening up exciting new avenues for study and careers in the field.

Digital Humanities and Data-Driven Analysis

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  • Digital humanities methodologies, such as data mining and visualization, are increasingly being applied to the study of American cinema, enabling researchers to analyze vast amounts of data and uncover new patterns and insights
  • These computational approaches allow scholars to examine large-scale trends, such as changes in genre popularity over time or the representation of specific themes across a wide range of films
  • Examples of digital humanities projects in American cinema studies include the , which uses machine learning to analyze film style and structure, and the , which provides access to a vast collection of digitized film magazines and trade publications

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

  • The growing emphasis on diversity, , and inclusion in American cinema studies has led to a reevaluation of canonical works and a greater focus on marginalized voices, including those of women, people of color, and LGBTQ+ filmmakers and actors
  • Scholars are increasingly examining the representation and contributions of underrepresented groups in American cinema, challenging traditional narratives and highlighting the need for more diverse perspectives in the field
  • Examples of this trend include the increased attention to the works of pioneering African American filmmakers such as and the growing scholarship on the role of women in early Hollywood, as exemplified by the

Streaming Platforms and Evolving Distribution Models

  • The rise of streaming platforms and the changing landscape of film distribution have prompted scholars to reconsider traditional definitions of American cinema and explore the impact of these new modes of consumption on the industry and its audiences
  • The proliferation of streaming services such as Netflix, Amazon Prime, and has disrupted the traditional theatrical release model and has led to the creation of original content that blurs the lines between film and television
  • Researchers are examining how these changes in distribution and consumption patterns are affecting the aesthetics, narratives, and reception of American cinema, as well as the economic and labor practices within the industry

Interdisciplinary Approaches

  • , such as the intersection of American cinema studies with fields like psychology, sociology, and political science, are gaining traction, providing new perspectives on the cultural, social, and political significance of American films
  • By drawing on theories and methodologies from other disciplines, scholars can explore the complex ways in which American cinema both reflects and shapes societal attitudes, values, and behaviors
  • Examples of interdisciplinary research in American cinema studies include the application of to the study of film reception, the use of sociological frameworks to examine the role of cinema in shaping national identity, and the analysis of political themes and ideologies in American films

Career Paths in Cinema Studies

Film Criticism and Journalism

  • and journalism, both in traditional print media and online platforms, offer opportunities to apply analytical skills and knowledge of American cinema to inform and engage public discourse
  • Film critics and journalists play a crucial role in shaping public opinion and taste, providing context and interpretation for a wide range of audiences
  • Successful examples of film critics who have made significant contributions to the field include , whose accessible and insightful reviews helped to popularize film criticism, and , whose provocative and influential writing challenged established norms and conventions in American cinema

Curatorial and Archival Work

  • Curatorial positions in museums, archives, and film festivals require expertise in American cinema history and the ability to develop engaging exhibitions and programs for diverse audiences
  • Film curators are responsible for selecting, organizing, and presenting films in a meaningful context, often focusing on specific themes, genres, or historical periods
  • involves the preservation, restoration, and management of film materials, ensuring that important works of American cinema are safeguarded for future generations
  • Examples of prominent film archives include the and the , which house extensive collections of American films and related materials

Academia and Research

  • Teaching and research positions in higher education, such as professorships in film studies or related disciplines, allow for the continued pursuit of scholarship and the mentoring of future generations of American cinema scholars
  • Academic careers in cinema studies involve conducting original research, publishing scholarly articles and books, and teaching courses on various aspects of American film history, theory, and criticism
  • Prominent scholars in the field of American cinema studies include , whose work on film style and narrative has been highly influential, and , whose research focuses on the representation of race and gender in American films

Continued Learning in Cinema

Self-Directed Study and Research

  • Identify areas of American cinema that warrant further exploration based on personal interests and the knowledge gaps revealed throughout the course, such as specific genres, time periods, or cultural movements
  • Create a list of key films, filmmakers, and texts that were not covered in the course but are essential for a more comprehensive understanding of American cinema history
    • Prioritize this list based on relevance to personal interests and research goals, and develop a timeline for viewing and studying these works
  • Develop a research project or creative work that builds upon the knowledge and skills acquired in the course, such as a paper, video essay, or film production, to deepen engagement with specific aspects of American cinema

Engaging with Scholarly Communities

  • Engage with scholarly communities and resources, such as professional organizations, conferences, and online forums, to stay informed about current research and debates in the field of American cinema studies
  • Join organizations such as the (SCMS) or the (UFVA) to access resources, networking opportunities, and annual conferences
  • Participate in online discussions and forums, such as the or the , to exchange ideas and collaborate with other scholars in the field

Practical Experience and Collaboration

  • Explore opportunities for hands-on experience with film preservation, restoration, or archival work through internships, volunteering, or collaborations with local cultural institutions
  • Reach out to local museums, libraries, or film festivals to inquire about internship or volunteer positions that align with your interests in American cinema
  • Collaborate with peers or colleagues on film-related projects, such as curating a screening series or organizing a conference panel, to gain practical experience and build professional networks
  • Establish a reading group or film club with peers who share an interest in American cinema to foster ongoing discussions, share resources, and provide mutual support for continued learning and intellectual growth

Key Terms to Review (26)

Archival work: Archival work involves the identification, preservation, and organization of historical documents and materials, particularly those related to film and cinema. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of film history by ensuring that important cultural artifacts are accessible for future generations. This practice not only supports research and scholarship but also enables the study of trends, shifts, and the evolution of American cinema over time.
Cinema and Media Studies Scholarly Interest Group: The Cinema and Media Studies Scholarly Interest Group is a professional collective of academics, researchers, and practitioners dedicated to the study and exploration of cinema and media in various contexts. This group fosters collaboration, sharing of research, and promotion of scholarship related to American cinema, pushing the boundaries of understanding how film and media shape cultural narratives and societal perspectives.
Cinema Genome Project: The Cinema Genome Project is an initiative aimed at creating a comprehensive database that analyzes and catalogs the essential elements of films, including themes, characters, and narrative structures. This project utilizes data mining and machine learning to better understand cinematic patterns and trends, providing insights that can inform future filmmaking and academic research.
Cognitive psychology: Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that studies mental processes such as perception, memory, reasoning, and decision-making. It emphasizes how people acquire, process, and store information, often using models of the mind to understand these processes. In relation to cinema studies, cognitive psychology can help analyze how viewers interpret and respond to films, shedding light on the emotional and intellectual engagement that cinema fosters.
Curatorial work: Curatorial work refers to the practice of organizing, managing, and presenting collections or exhibitions, particularly in the context of film, art, or cultural heritage. It involves selecting works, creating narratives, and interpreting materials to enhance public understanding and appreciation. This practice plays a vital role in shaping how audiences engage with cinematic history and culture.
Data-driven analysis: Data-driven analysis refers to the method of making decisions and drawing conclusions based on data rather than intuition or personal experience. This approach utilizes quantitative and qualitative data to assess trends, patterns, and relationships in various contexts, including American cinema studies. By employing this analytical technique, researchers can uncover insights that inform future directions and developments in the field.
David Bordwell: David Bordwell is a prominent American film theorist and historian known for his contributions to the study of narrative cinema, particularly through his emphasis on the cognitive aspects of film viewing. His work often explores how viewers make sense of films and the various narrative techniques employed by filmmakers, influencing both academic and popular discourse in film studies.
Digital humanities: Digital humanities refers to the interdisciplinary field that combines the study of humanities disciplines, such as literature, history, and philosophy, with digital technologies and methods. This field enhances research, teaching, and learning by using digital tools to analyze and present data, making it possible to explore cultural artifacts and scholarly work in innovative ways.
Disney+: Disney+ is a subscription-based streaming service launched by The Walt Disney Company that offers a vast library of movies and television shows, primarily from Disney's extensive catalog, as well as content from Pixar, Marvel, Star Wars, and National Geographic. This platform reflects the evolving landscape of media consumption and the shift towards digital streaming, significantly impacting American cinema and its future directions.
Diversity: Diversity refers to the presence of various cultural, racial, ethnic, and gender groups within a community or society. In the context of cinema, it highlights the importance of representing different perspectives and experiences, which enrich storytelling and resonate with wider audiences. Embracing diversity in film leads to more authentic narratives and challenges traditional portrayals that often marginalize certain groups.
Equity: Equity refers to fairness and justice in the distribution of resources, opportunities, and treatment among individuals and groups. In the context of American cinema, equity emphasizes the need for diverse representation and equal access within the industry, ensuring that all voices are heard and valued, particularly those historically marginalized.
Film and media studies research network: The film and media studies research network is a collaborative framework that connects scholars, practitioners, and institutions engaged in the study of film and media. This network facilitates the sharing of resources, knowledge, and methodologies to enhance research, foster interdisciplinary dialogue, and promote innovative approaches within the field. It plays a crucial role in shaping the future directions of American cinema studies by bridging gaps between theoretical analysis and practical application.
Film Criticism: Film criticism is the practice of analyzing, evaluating, and interpreting films to provide insights into their artistic, cultural, and social significance. It helps audiences understand the deeper meanings behind films, influences public perception, and shapes the discourse surrounding cinema. By examining elements like narrative structure, visual style, and thematic content, film criticism plays a crucial role in how we appreciate and contextualize cinematic works.
Inclusion: Inclusion refers to the practice of ensuring that diverse voices, perspectives, and experiences are represented and valued within a particular context. In American cinema studies, inclusion emphasizes the importance of recognizing and integrating underrepresented groups, such as women, people of color, and LGBTQ+ individuals, in film narratives, production roles, and audience engagement. This approach seeks to create a more equitable and authentic cinematic landscape that reflects the complexities of society.
Interdisciplinary approaches: Interdisciplinary approaches refer to the integration of methods, theories, and insights from multiple academic disciplines to analyze and understand complex subjects. This kind of approach is essential for examining American cinema, as it allows scholars to draw connections between film studies, history, cultural studies, sociology, and other fields, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of cinema's impact and significance.
Jacqueline Bobo: Jacqueline Bobo is a prominent scholar and theorist in the field of American cinema studies, particularly known for her work on race, gender, and representation in film. Her research emphasizes the intersections of identity and how they shape the viewing experiences and interpretations of films, advocating for a more inclusive understanding of cinema's cultural impact. Bobo's work has paved the way for new directions in the study of film, encouraging critical engagement with narratives that reflect marginalized voices and perspectives.
Library of Congress National Audio-Visual Conservation Center: The Library of Congress National Audio-Visual Conservation Center (NAVCC) is a key institution in the preservation and accessibility of America's audio-visual heritage, housing a vast collection of films, videos, audio recordings, and other media. It plays a critical role in ensuring that significant cultural artifacts are preserved for future generations while also making these materials accessible for research and educational purposes.
Media History Digital Library: The Media History Digital Library is an online repository that provides free access to a vast collection of digitized historical media publications, including magazines, journals, and books. It serves as a vital resource for researchers, scholars, and students by preserving and disseminating primary sources related to media history, which allows for deeper understanding and analysis of the evolution of media and its impact on society.
Oscar Micheaux: Oscar Micheaux was a pioneering African American filmmaker and novelist, known for being one of the first to produce and direct feature-length films in the United States. His work aimed to counter negative stereotypes of African Americans, portraying them in a more positive and realistic light while addressing social issues such as racism and inequality. Micheaux’s contributions to cinema significantly influenced the representation of race and ethnicity, establishing a foundation for future filmmakers and paving the way for the portrayal of Black experiences in film.
Pauline Kael: Pauline Kael was a prominent American film critic known for her influential and often provocative reviews in The New Yorker from the 1960s through the 1990s. Her writing style, characterized by its passionate tone and sharp wit, significantly impacted film criticism and the perception of cinema as an art form. Kael championed innovative filmmakers and was known for her strong opinions, often challenging conventional wisdom and sparking debates within the film community.
Roger Ebert: Roger Ebert was an influential American film critic and writer, known for his profound impact on film criticism and popular culture. He gained fame for his reviews in the Chicago Sun-Times and for co-hosting the television program 'Siskel & Ebert,' where he popularized the concept of film criticism through engaging discussions. His work not only shaped how movies were perceived but also pushed the boundaries of what film criticism could encompass, influencing future generations of critics and filmmakers.
Society for Cinema and Media Studies: The Society for Cinema and Media Studies (SCMS) is a professional organization dedicated to the study of film, television, and other media. It fosters scholarly research, encourages the exchange of ideas among scholars and practitioners, and promotes innovative methodologies in understanding the cultural significance of media. The SCMS also organizes annual conferences, publishes scholarly journals, and supports educational initiatives that contribute to the advancement of cinema and media studies.
Streaming platforms: Streaming platforms are online services that allow users to access and watch digital content, such as movies, TV shows, and documentaries, over the internet without the need for downloading files. These platforms have revolutionized how audiences consume media, offering on-demand viewing options that cater to diverse preferences and viewing habits.
UCLA Film & Television Archive: The UCLA Film & Television Archive is one of the largest and most comprehensive collections of film and television materials in the United States, dedicated to preserving and promoting the history of moving images. It plays a crucial role in American cinema studies by providing access to historical films and television shows, facilitating research, and supporting educational initiatives.
University Film and Video Association: The University Film and Video Association (UFVA) is a professional organization that promotes the study and production of film and video at the university level. It provides a platform for educators, scholars, and students to share research, insights, and advancements in film studies, as well as foster collaboration between academic institutions. Through its activities, UFVA plays a crucial role in shaping future directions in film and video education and scholarship.
Women Film Pioneers Project: The Women Film Pioneers Project is an initiative that seeks to document and celebrate the contributions of women in the early history of cinema, highlighting their roles as directors, writers, producers, and performers. This project aims to recover and promote the often-overlooked narratives of women who played a crucial part in shaping the film industry, emphasizing their creative impact and challenges faced in a male-dominated field.
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