Utopian Communities Movement

Oneida Community: The Oneida Community was a religious commune founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848 in Oneida, New York. It practiced "Perfectionism," a form of Christianity with distinctive views on sin and salvation.

Amana Colonies: The Amana Colonies were seven villages in Iowa, established by German Pietists during the mid-19th century. They lived a communal lifestyle with strict religious observance and self-sufficiency.

Shaker Communities: Religious sects that established numerous communities throughout the Northeastern and Midwestern United States during the early-to-mid 19th century. Known for their simple living, architecture, technological innovation, and furniture.