The vii°7 chord is a diminished seventh chord built on the seventh scale degree of a major or minor key. It is often used as a secondary leading tone chord to create tension and resolve to a chord within another key.
Leading Tone: The leading tone is the seventh scale degree of a major or minor key, which forms the foundation for building the vii°7 chord.
Diminished Chord: A diminished chord consists of two stacked minor thirds, resulting in a tense and unstable sound. The vii°7 chord is an example of a diminished chord.
Resolution: Resolution refers to the movement from dissonance (tension) to consonance (release), which occurs when the vii°7 resolves to another chord within another key during tonicization.
AP Music Theory - 7.4 Part Writing of Secondary Leading Tone Chords
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