V-I cadence

Definition

A V-I cadence is a harmonic progression that moves from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic chord (I), creating a strong sense of resolution. This cadence is essential in establishing the tonal center and is commonly found in Western music, emphasizing the relationship between different triad and chord qualities, such as major, minor, diminished, and augmented chords.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The V-I cadence creates a strong resolution, making it one of the most effective ways to conclude a musical phrase.
2. In a major key, the V chord is typically a major triad, while in a minor key, it can often be altered to be a major chord through the use of a raised seventh scale degree.
3. The use of V-I cadences helps to reinforce the sense of tonality within a piece by clearly delineating phrases and sections.
4. This cadence can occur at various points in music, including at the end of phrases or sections, but can also appear within phrases for tension and release.
5. Understanding how different chord qualities affect the V-I cadence is crucial for recognizing and analyzing harmonic progressions in music.

Review Questions

• How does the V-I cadence function within a musical context to create a sense of resolution?
  • The V-I cadence functions as a powerful tool for creating resolution by moving from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic chord (I). This transition establishes a feeling of completion and rest, which is crucial for guiding listeners through musical phrases. By emphasizing this movement, composers can effectively convey emotional closure at the end of sections or entire pieces.
• Compare and contrast the characteristics of V-I cadences in major versus minor keys, including any alterations that might occur.
  • In major keys, the V chord is typically a major triad, while in minor keys, it is often altered to become a major chord by raising the seventh scale degree. This alteration helps create stronger tension leading back to the tonic. The difference in triad quality significantly impacts how resolved the cadence feels, with the altered V chord in minor keys providing a more pronounced sense of return when resolving to I.
• Evaluate the role of different triad qualities (major, minor, diminished, augmented) in shaping the effectiveness of V-I cadences across various musical genres.
  • Different triad qualities play a critical role in shaping the effectiveness of V-I cadences across genres. For instance, major triads create bright resolutions that are prominent in pop and classical music. In contrast, minor or diminished chords can introduce tension and complexity that enrich genres like jazz or film scores. Understanding how these qualities influence cadences allows composers to evoke specific emotions and textures within their music, making it essential for effective composition.

Related terms

Dominant Chord: The fifth degree chord in a key, which typically creates tension and leads back to the tonic.

Tonic Chord:

The first degree chord in a key, serving as the home base or point of resolution for music.

Perfect Authentic Cadence:

A specific type of V-I cadence where both chords are in root position and the tonic is the highest note in the final chord.