These are translations of the Bible into everyday language that people speak, as opposed to Latin which was primarily used by the Church and scholars.
Latin Vulgate: This is the Latin version of the Bible used by the Catholic Church for centuries. It was largely inaccessible to most Europeans who didn't speak or read Latin.
Martin Luther: A key figure in the Protestant Reformation who translated the New Testament into German, making it more accessible to ordinary people.
Gutenberg Printing Press: The invention that enabled mass production of books, including vernacular Bibles, thus spreading literacy and ideas faster.
AP European History - 2.3 Protestant Reform Continues
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