prime number

Composite number: A composite number is an integer greater than 1 that can be evenly divided by numbers other than 1 and itself. In contrast to prime numbers, composite numbers have multiple factors.

Sieve of Eratosthenes: The Sieve of Eratosthenes is an algorithm used to find all prime numbers up to a given limit. It works by iteratively marking the multiples of each prime number, gradually eliminating non-prime numbers from a list.

Prime factorization: Prime factorization is the process of expressing a composite number as a product of its prime factors. It involves finding the prime numbers that can divide the given number without leaving any remainder.