Iteration

Loop: A loop is a programming construct that allows for repeated execution of a block of code until certain conditions are met or until all elements in an array have been processed.

Conditionals: Conditionals are statements that allow for decision-making within programs. They evaluate conditions and execute different blocks of code based on whether those conditions are true or false.

Counter Variable: A counter variable is often used in iterations as an incrementing or decrementing value that keeps track of how many times a loop has executed.