阿里巴巴 refers to Alibaba, a Chinese multinational conglomerate specializing in e-commerce, retail, internet, and technology. It is one of the world's largest online retailers.
京东(jīngdōng): Jingdong (JD.com) is another major Chinese e-commerce company that offers a wide range of products and services.
天猫(tiānmāo): Tmall is an online marketplace owned by Alibaba Group, focusing on business-to-consumer (B2C) retail.
淘宝(táobǎo): Taobao is an online shopping website owned by Alibaba Group, known for its consumer-to-consumer (C2C) platform.
AP Chinese - 4.1 China’s Advancements in Science and Technology
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