This occurs when an atom shares its electron unequally with another atom in covalent bonding. The atom that pulls less strongly on shared electrons has partial positive charge due to lack of electron density.
Electronegativity: A measure of how strongly atoms attract bonding electrons to themselves.
Polar Covalent Bond: A type of bond that forms when electrons are not shared equally between atoms in a molecule.
Dipole Moment: A measure of the polarity of a system of charges; in molecules it's produced by differences in electronegativity.
AP Biology - 1.1 Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding
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