cAMP is a second messenger important in many biological processes; it transmits signals from hormones outside the cell to its interior.
G-Protein Coupled Receptors: Proteins that detect molecules outside a cell and activate internal signal transduction pathways.
Protein Kinase A: An enzyme that is activated by cAMP and can phosphorylate various target proteins to alter their function.
Hormones: Chemical messengers produced in one part of an organism that affect cells in other parts.
AP Biology - 4.2 Introduction to Signal Transduction
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